Topic: Ushering into a self-dependent India in Energy Storage materials: Bridging the Gap between Lab to Pilot Scale Manufacturing @ARCI

Affiliation: Director, ARCI

Abstract: ithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently used in most electric vehicles (EVs) due to their high energy density, better nominal voltage, enhanced temperature stability, low maintenance, eco-friendliness, long cyclic stability and low self-discharge. As the cost of electrode materials is very high when compared to other components of LIB, development of indigenous electrode materials technology is essential for the manufacturing of Li-ion batteries within the country. Among the cathode chemistries used in LIBs, Lithium ferrous phosphate (LFP) cathode material has a safer chemistry because it avoids self-oxidation and thermal runaway due to strong covalent bond between P and O in PO4 structure of LFP.  
 
ARCI has developed an innovative and low-cost high energy milling process for the synthesis of in-situ carbon modified LFP for Lithium-ion batteries and demonstrated the technology at pilot scale in collaboration with Industry under public private partnership (PPP) mode. Technology Know-how for the production of LFP was transferred to Indian industries and the technology was successfully demonstrated1. The technology receiver (M/s. ALTMIN) is being incubated at ARCI incubator and LFP cathode powder material produced by M/s. ALTMIN is being validated by various Li-ion cell manufacturing companies.  
 
Further, ARCI also developed a simple, economical scalable, and energy-efficient process for the production of lithium titanium oxide (LTO) anode material with a performance at par with commercial LTO. A large-scale demonstration of ARCI’s developed LTO process has been initiated in collaboration with Industry. The LTO innovation has been filed in National and worldwide2 and technology transfer is in progress. 
 
References: 
1. Vijay et al “A method of producing high performance in-situ carbon coated lithium iron phosphate cathode material for lithium ion battery applications and the product thereof,” Indian Patent No. 412586 (granted) dated 28/11/2022; US Patent Application No. 18/254,730 dt. 29/05/2023; Australia Patent Application No. 2021412505 dt. 1/05/May 2023; Europe Patent Application No. 21914895.4 dt. 9/06/2023; Brazil Patent Application No: BR112023012812-9 dt 26/06/2023; Israel Patent Application No: 1L304060A dt. 26/06/2023; Chinese Invention Patent Application No: CN116686109 dated 20th June 2023; UAE Patent Application No. P6001377/2023 dt 6/06/2023. 
 
2. Vijay et al “A method of producing high performance lithium titanate anode material for lithium ion battery applications” Indian Patent No. 365560 (granted) dated 28-04-2021, PCT International Application No. PCT/IN2018/050080; US Patent No.11001506 (granted) on11/05/2021; Germany Patent No. 112018000205 B4 (granted) on 17-07-2023; Japan Patent No.7121734 (granted) on 09-08-2022; Chinese Patent No. IIC190527 (granted) on 01/12/2021; South Korea Patent No.03079 (granted) on 29/12/2022

Biography : Dr. R. Vijay obtained his B.Tech and M.Tech in Chemical Engineering from Regional Engineering College Warangal and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from IIT Madras. He joined International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), an autonomous R&D Institute under Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India as Scientist-B in 1996. He has 30 years of experience in Research and Development of materials and processing technologies.  
 
His research interests are Nanomaterials, High Kinetic Processing (Mechanical Alloying), Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steels, Li-ion/Na-ion battery materials, Super capacitors, Biomaterials, Additive manufacturing, Hydrogen Storage Materials.  
 
He has 5 technology transfers namely (i) Production of battery grade Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) cathode material for Li-ion batteries, (ii) Dispersion Strengthened Tungsten Jet wanes, (iii) Silica Aerogel based Thermal Insulation Sheets, (iv) Lead free Copper Alloys for bimetal bearings and (v) Heat Pipe based Heat Sinks to his credit. He executed about 15 prestigious sponsored projects from DAE, DRDO, DST, MNRE and international projects of IGSTC and GITA as a Lead PI.  
 
He has 25 patents and 55 publications to his credit. He is recipient of DAAD fellowship, Indo-US fellowship, Engineer of the year award from Institution of Engineers and Distinguished Researcher award from FTCCI. He is a fellow of Institution of Engineers (India) and Telangana Academy of Sciences. Presently he is Director, ARCI

Topic: Stress Corrosion Cracking within the Pipeline Industry

Affiliation: President, Marr Associates Pipeline Integrity

Abstract: Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) can be a significant time dependent threat that can impact the safety and reliability of a pipeline. Given the initial failure that was identified as SCC was in the mid 1960’s there has been ongoing research and development activities to address the causes and differences of the actual mechanisms with more emphasis on two of the three known related parameters. The three parameters are well known and illustrated by a widely published Venn diagram consisting of environment, stress and material. The latter two parameters have been heavily “researched” since the late 1960’s through to the present time. Attempts were made to understand the “environmental relationships” between soil characterization and geochemistry that required “very specific” sampling and laboratory analysis protocols that were then associated to similar site conditions where SCC had been detected or was absent. This was the initial data integration challenge that attempted to address the location, absence or presence and severity of SCC.  
 
SCC investigations were prompted by an event in 1965 when a 32-inch pipeline near Natchitoches, Louisiana, USA exploded at 6:00 am with a fireball that killed 17 and injured 9 individuals but also burnt and destroyed 7 homes that were 450 feet (137 meters) from the initiation point. Since 1965 through 1974, environmental data integration was attempted but it was not until the mid 1980’s that a different approach was undertaken. This was in response to three in-service ruptures located in Ontario, Canada. Research and field activities were reinitiated with the integration of environmental data to manage the SCC threat. This integration resulted in the development and implementation of SCC predictive models based on consistently mapped terrain conditions that were matched to direct examination results and integrated with pipe (material and construction attributes) and operational (i.e. stress and temperature) characteristics.  
 
Since the mid 1980s’ to the present there has been some success with the use of various environmental “tools” but the variability of individual inputs has spatial, temporal and inter-relationships resulting in complex, non aligned or inconsistent correlations that continues to be disconcerting to industry. Even ILI crack tools can suffer without any additional program inputs mainly from SCC environmental attributes but also always include stress and material parameters. The incidence of integrating environmental data with stress and pipe characteristics with ILI analysis has resulted in decreased false positives and negatives and run to run issues when addressing the SCC threat. ILI Crack tools emerged in the mid 1990’s but it was not until the mid 2000’s to late 2010’s depending on the technology when these tools were fully commercialized but have now become expensive and have established limitations when utilized independently for SCC threat management.  
 
While ILI “true positives” are always welcome this technology is not always 100% reliable. Data integration and modelling has been critical to the management of the SCC threat across the development, testing and post commercialization of ILI services. SCC threat management is more confident and reliable when all the tools are available for the pipeline threat. The future success of SCC threat management is only going to improve with new technological developments that may become integrated with known historical methods.

Biography : Jim Marr, P.Ag (retired) is and has been President of Marr Associates Pipeline Integrity Ltd from 1990 to the present. Jim and then Marr Associates has been associated with the pipeline integrity business for 35+ years. Has performed pipeline assessment programs in almost all continents worldwide. From late 2008 to October 2016, he went “corporate” as the SCC Program Planning Manager for TransCanada Pipelines.  
 
He has been recognized as a Subject matter expert (SME) related to integrated pipeline integrity threats and management techniques – environmental interaction, direct examination (DE), stress corrosion cracking (SCC), external corrosion (EC), manufacturing threats, coating evaluations, CP related interactions for SCCDA, ECDA and ILI (EMAT, MFL and UT) programs and the integration of data required for program support to establish the extent, location and severity of the threat and the ongoing risk management of the threat. 
 
He graduated with a degree in earth sciences (geology, geochemistry) in 1986 from the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. He has been part of the core team to develop and instruct several courses related to pipeline integrity and SCC for Clarion group, AMPP/ NACE etc. He was the past co-chair of the 2012 “Joint Industry Project for SCC in HCA’s and has been past vice-chair of the NACE SCCDA committees. Presently he serves as the “Deputy Project Manager for AMPP SCCDA SP0402.

Topic: A new zinc alloy for galvanizing of steel

Affiliation: University of Applied Sciences South Westphalia, Laboratory of Corrosion Protection, Iserlohn, Germany

Abstract: Zinc is a widely used metal, to protect steel against atmospheric and other types of corrosion. Zinc and the steel industry are closely related because zinc is primarily used to galvanize steel to protect it from corrosion. 
Zinc naturally forms a passivation layer when exposed to air. A thin coating of zinc oxide forms that stops the corrosion of the metal (galvanization). Galvanization prevents the steel or iron it coats, from rusting. In addition, galvanization offers many other advantages, such as: 
?Longer Life: A piece of galvanized industrial steel is expected to last more than 50 years in typical environments and 20 years with major water exposure. 
?Durability: A finished galvanized product is more durable and more reliable than unfinished metal products. 
?Cost Effectiveness: Galvanized steel is immediately ready to use upon delivery and does not require additional preparation of the surface, inspections, painting, or coating, saving the company expenditures. 
Around 50% of steel is protected against corrosion by zinc. The forecast for the amount of steel produced continues to rise sharply. It is therefore necessary to reduce the thickness of the zinc coating on steel while at the same time improving the corrosion protection effect in order to reduce the amount of zinc consumed. Various zinc alloys for hot-dip galvanizing have been developed, some of which have had a negative effect on the galvanizing process.  
Zinc-chromium alloys represent a promising new development for the hot-dip galvanizing of steel. Although the solubility of chromium in the molten zinc is relatively low, approx. 0.4 %, it has very positive effects. The coating thickness is reduced and corrosion resistance is improved. Other properties of the zinc coating are not affected by the addition of chromium. Metallographic cross-sections and electrochemical tests as well as atmospheric corrosion tests demonstrate the properties of the new alloy.

Biography : 1980 - 1985 Study of materials sciences at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, specializing corrosion and surface technology. 
1986 - 1990 Research assistant Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung in Düsseldorf, Germany in the working group Corrosion  
PhD-work "Corrosion of polymer coated iron" under supervision of Prof. H.-J. Engell, Prof. Dr. M. Stratmann and Prof. K. Heusler, Clausthal-Zellerfeld , Germany. 
1991 - 1995 Group leader for materials application technology Central Research Laboratory Metallgesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main, Germany 
from 1994: Group leader corrosion and materials consulting. 
1995 Group leader electrochemical application technology, Chemetall GmbH 
1995 - 1999 Lectureship at the University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. 
since 1996 Professor for corrosion and corrosion protection at the University of Applied Sciences in Iserlohn, Germany, Head of the Laboratory for Corrosion Protection Technology. 
since 1999 Lectureship corrosion science at the RWTH Aachen University, Germany. 
2005 - 2019 CEO of Institute for Maintenance and Corrosion Protection gGmbH at the University of Applied Sciences in Iserlohn, Germany. 
since 2021 Additional Head of the Laboratory for Instrumental Analysis at the University of Applied Sciences in Iserlohn, Germany. 
 
- Chairman of the competence platform "Centre for Strategic Corrosion Protection" 
- Foundation and head of the GfKORR working party on corrosion and corrosion protection of copper materials until 2019. 
- Member of GfKORR board since 2004 till today. 
- President of the German Corrosion Society GfKORR (Gesellschaft für Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz e.V., Frankfurt, Germany) 2013 – 2022. 
- Member of the GfKORR advisory board. 
- Former president of the research board of the hot dip galvanizing industry GAV (Gemeinschaftsausschuss Verzinken e.V., Düsseldorf, Germany) for 6 years, still member. 
- Member of working party materials in drinking water of Federal environmental organisation UBA (Umweltbundesamt, Germany). 
- Member of working group corrosion of Water and gas organisation DVGW in Germany (Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfachs e.V., Germany). 
- Member of the board of WCO (World Corrosion Organisation). 
- Member of Science and Technology Advisory Committee (STAC) of the EuropeanFederation of Corrosion (EFC) 2013 – 2022. 
- Head of working party Hydrogen technologies of the University of Applied  
Sciences in Iserlohn.

Topic: Nano-Biotechnology and Development of Advanced Medical Devices

Affiliation: Immediate Past Chair 2024, AMPP  
Shamoon College of Engineering, Israel

Abstract: The presentation will focus on the fascinating use of the relationship between nanoparticles to Biotechnology and its correlation to corrosion management within the field of medical devices. It will explore the challenges and highlight as well as the obstacles answering the requirements. 
The presentation will delve into case studies, initiatives, and best practices that underscore the importance of standardized policies, technological innovation, training, and knowledge sharing. Additionally, it will address the economic and strategic advantages of effective corrosion management, and conclude by outlining potential future. 
The importance of corrosion management understanding the relationship between materials and process properties 
A few of the key objectives for this presentation include:  
•The needs for advanced medical devices 
•The Challenges 
•The importance of understanding the corrosion  
•The need for creating awareness for the implement of advanced medical devices in humans 
Technologies offer innovative solutions for early detection, monitoring, mitigation, and maintenance, ultimately enhancing operational readiness, safety, and cost-efficiency.  
Research and innovation play a pivotal role in advancing corrosion-resistant materials, driving significant advancements in industries such as defense, infrastructure, transportation, energy, and more. The importance of research and innovation in this field cannot be overstated, as they lead to the development of materials that withstand corrosive environments, contribute to longer equipment lifespans, enhance safety, and drive economic and environmental sustainability 
Today there is an increasing demand for healthy long- and short-term medical implants. 
Within the last years regulatory approval became more difficult for medical implants. For example once taking into account ISO 10093 the implant surface is a key role to the overall obtained results. 
Bio function surface behavior should include surface engineering and surface control efforts comprised of policies, processes and procedures that address corrosion across the complete lifecycle of the implant, from design to decommissioning. The lecture will also describe the development in biodegradable implants as well as no degradable implants.

Biography : Prof. Amir Eliezer is the Immediate Past Chair 2024, AMPP - Association for Materials Protection and Performance) Board of Directors. 
 
Has studied BSc, MSc, PhD in Materials Engineering (Summa Cum Laude) and an additional M.B.A. He has received several awards and recognitions including the H.H. Uhlig 2013 award. He has published more than 250 scientific publications and has presented over 160 invited seminars and lectures He has a vast range of experience and expertise in different technologies of medical implants and medical oriented surface manufacturing devices. He gained expertise within the Automotive Industrial Innovative products with leading companies such as Volkswagen, General Motors and Fiat on advanced materials, light structures, and nanomaterials. He is the former President of the WCO (World Corrosion Organization- U.N. NGO and NACE International Director of European Area. He served as an elected deputy mayor and municipality leadership for the last 20 years and currently on several national and international committees.